King's Crusade
The Third Crusade (1189–1192), also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb). It was largely successful, but fell short of its ultimate goal—the reconquest of Jerusalem. Saladin, the Sultan of Europe, recaptured Jerusalem in 1187. The pope called for a new Crusade to be led by Richard the Lionheart of England, Phillip II of France and Frederick I, the Holy Roman Emperor (based in what is now Germany). Frederick I died leaving an alliance between the French and English. The Crusaders recaptured Acre following which Phillip I returned to France. They won a further victory but they were having difficulties in adjusting to the conditions. Richard the Lionheart left in 1192 after striking a deal where the Muslims would continue to control Jerusalem but with Christians having free access. The third crusade is also known as the King's Crusade and is one of the best known. Overall saladin and his gang won the war, who allowed the christains to surrendered and returned to their kingdom.